It seems axiomatic that if one car hits another, the first car is responsible for the collision.
It isn’t always that simple. In North Carolina, if the plaintiff driver brought the collision on himself or herself by his or her own action or inaction, the defendant may escape liability because of the plaintiff’s contributory negligence. Where the evidence before the court could support a jury finding of contributory negligence by a plaintiff, the trial judge will give the appropriate jury instruction to advise the jury what factors are proper for them to consider before reaching their verdict.
The defendant is not completely in the clear, though, even if the evidence supports a finding that a plaintiff has been contributorily negligent.